boiling point of liquids

January 8th, 2009
  • I need a liquid that boils at about 100 to 120 degrees.


  • Do you mean 100 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit or 100 to 120 degrees Celsius?


  • Hi, Jim ! A simple definition of "boiling point" can be found in the MSDS Hyper Glossary at: http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/boilingpoint.html It says: "Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas (vapor) at normal atmospheric pressure. A more specific definition of boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure. The normal boiling point is the temperature at which the liquid boils when the external pressure is one atmosphere (760 torr = 760 mm Hg = 1 atm = 101.3 kPa = 14.7 psi)." The Alaska Science Forum explains the importance of pressure further at: http://www.gi.alaska.edu/ScienceForum/ASF8/876.html "The temperature at which water boils depends on pressure. On high mountains boiling water is too cool to make good tea, while in a pressure cooker set for 15 pounds pressure (double normal air pressure) the boiling point is 250 degrees F (121 degrees C). Pressure in the ocean is due to the weight of the overlying water, and increases by approximately one atmosphere for each 10 meters (33 feet) depth. Deep enough in the ocean, water won't boil at all. A liquid expands as it gets hotter and has very little volume change with pressure, while a gas tries at the same time to expand with heat and contract under pressure. The boiling temperature doesn't rise as fast as the pressure, so the density of steam at the boiling point becomes larger as the pressure increases. Eventually the compression of the steam under the increasing pressure is so great that there is no longer any difference between steam and water. This occurs at a temperature of about 374 degrees C or 705 degrees F (called the critical temperature for water) and a pressure of over 200 atmospheres, which is found at a depth of about two and a quarter kilometers in the ocean. " This is confirmed by the Alberta University chemistry site at: http://www.chem.ualberta.ca/~orglabs/x61web/frames/psl3/fr_psl3_insight.html "Boiling point The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to that of the surrounding atmosphere. The boiling point varies with atmospheric pressure and is corrected to the temperature that would be observed at sea level (760 Torr). The higher the altitude, the lower the atmospheric pressure and the lower the boiling point." ACD provide professional software for scientists working with various compounds. Boiling Point Pro is a program "to calculate the boiling point for a compound, from 0.001 torr to 10 atm. Our predictions are normally accurate to within 5 C for structures with fewer than two polar groups, and to within 10 for structures with more polar groups. The same powerful algorithm is applied to derive the vapor pressure as a function of temperature, so that you can determine volatilization characteristics of your compound over a broad range of ambient temperatures. ACD/Boiling Point Pro does not stop there however, it will also calculate the enthalpy of vaporization at the boiling point and predict the flash point. " It can be found at: http://www.acdlabs.com/products/phys_chem_lab/bp/#top The Akre Engineering Portal has a chart showing the "Specific Gravity, Boiling Point, and Viscosity of Various Liquids" at: http://akre-engr.home.attbi.com/liquid-sg-viscosity.htm This lists the boiling point NTP (Normal Temperatures and Pressures) of some liquids in degrees Celsius. Those that match or come close to your criteria of a boiling point between 100-120 degrees for either Celsius or Fahrenheit are: Celsius: Toluene - 110.6 C with Octane-n - 125.6 C, Ethylene bromide 131.7 C and Ethylene choride 83.9 C coming close. Fahrenheit: Carbon disulfide CS2 - 46.2 C 115.16 F Methyl iodide - 42.6 C 108.68 F with Diethyl ether - 34.7 C 94.46 F coming close. I hope this is useful. Thank you for an interesting question. Search terms: lava boiling point boiling point liquids chart "boiling point" celsius fahrenheit conversion plus: "Heat Engines", David Allan Low, Longmans Green and co. 1927 edition.







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